The Ocean Is Deeper Than You Think. We Need Better Maps.

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Published 2023-10-02
Why deep sea maps are SO BAD (and how to fix it)...
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Our maps of the ocean are surprisingly bad! On Google Maps it looks like we know so much… but we know less about the ocean floor than we do the surface of Mars. And that’s a big problem, because we are using the ocean all the time: We’re laying internet cables across it, we fight wars in it, we search it during a crisis - like the imploded OceanGate Titan submersible or the missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. 71% of the surface of the Earth is water! And yet we have a surprisingly limited view of what’s below it.

But that’s also understandable. Because cartographically speaking, water sucks. For Mars or Earth’s surface, we can take pictures. But light doesn’t get to the ocean floor, so we need other ways to see it. The good news is, we’re developing that tech right now, and an international group called Seabed 2030 is working to piece together a better map.

There is a terrifying, incredible, alien world on our own planet, and we’re FINALLY using technology to see it more clearly.

In this episode of Huge If True, I dive deep - with help from my friend and fellow video journalist ‪@johnnyharris‬ - to show you how we’re mapping the ocean, the surprising things we’ve discovered in the depths, and why this new technology could be… huge if true :)

Chapters:
00:00 How bad are our ocean maps?
01:40 How deep is the ocean?
03:05 What is the deepest part of the ocean?
04:04 The craziest method to map the ocean
06:20 How does sonar work?
07:31 What did the first ocean maps look like?
09:30 How do we map the ocean now?
10:30 What is Seabed 2030?
11:40 How do we use underwater robots?
12:27 Concerns with mapping the deep ocean
13:11 Why deep ocean mapping is huge if true

You can find me on TikTok here for short, fun tech explainers: www.tiktok.com/@cleoabram
You can find me on Instagram here for more personal stories: www.instagram.com/cleoabram
You can find me on Twitter here for thoughts, threads and curated news: twitter.com/cleoabram

Bio:
Cleo Abram is an Emmy-nominated independent video journalist. On her show, Huge If True, Cleo explores complex technology topics with rigor and optimism, helping her audience understand the world around them and see positive futures they can help build. Before going independent, Cleo was a video producer for Vox. She wrote and directed the Coding and Diamonds episodes of Vox’s Netflix show, Explained. She produced videos for Vox’s popular YouTube channel, was the host and senior producer of Vox’s first ever daily show, Answered, and was co-host and producer of Vox’s YouTube Originals show, Glad You Asked.

Additional reading and watching:
- 24-hour a day live streaming from the deep sea: www.NautilusLive.org
- Livestream of ocean research (my favorite): youtube.com/@EVNautilus
- To see recent seafloor visualizations (NOAA): www.ncei.noaa.gov/maps/ocean-exploration-data-atla…
- To learn more about the high-stakes race to map the Earth's oceans: The Deepest Map, by Laura Trethewey www.harpercollins.com/products/the-deepest-map-lau…
- To see how amazing our Mars maps are (Murray Lab): murray-lab.caltech.edu/CTX/V01/SceneView/MurrayLab…
- The Ocean is Way Deeper Than You Think, RealLifeLore:    • The Ocean is Way Deeper Than You Think  
- What’s Hiding at the Most Solitary Place on Earth? The Deep Sea, Kurzgesagt:    • What’s Hiding at the Most Solitary Pl...  
- The Unspeakable Horrors of the Deep Sea, Casual Geographic:    • The Unspeakable Horrors of the Deep S...  
- Why no aquarium has a great white shark, Vox:    • Why no aquarium has a great white shark  
- This Incredible Animation Shows How Deep The Ocean Really Is, Insider:    • This Incredible Animation Shows How D...  
- How Much of the Seafloor Is Left to Explore? NOAA: oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/world-oceans-day-2015/how-m…
- How Deep is the Ocean? NOAA: oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/oceandepth.html
- About Seabed 2030: seabed2030.org/our-mission/

Vox: www.vox.com/authors/cleo-abram
IMDb: www.imdb.com/name/nm10108242/

Gear I use:
Camera: Sony A7SIII
Lens: Sony 16–35 mm F2.8 GM and 35mm prime
Audio: Sennheiser SK AVX

Music: Musicbed

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Welcome to the joke down low:

Why did the fish blush?
Because it saw the ocean’s bottom.

Use the word “blush” in a comment so I know you’re a real one :)

All Comments (21)
  • @johnnyharris
    Pleeeeeease give me more excuses to go look at beautiful maps!! This was so fun thanks for looping me in ✨
  • I'm an avid scuba diver but no matter how many times I dive I realize I am truly in a different world. There are common things you see as a scuba diver on a reef that most people never get to experience. For example a fish cleaning station with a line of fish waiting their turn to be cleaned by tiny gobies and other types of fish and shrimp. I'm so glad you're doing the series there's so much still to be learned! Thanks Cleo!
  • @anshuuu9708
    Who found this channel randomly or through shorts and now cant stop watching....I CANTT THESE VIDS ARE SO GOOD, the production quality is top notch
  • @cashmoola5114
    I remember learning as a little kid (I’m still young) that we had only mapped 5 percent of the ocean floor. This is so fascinating to me!
  • @GymGirl88
    The best part about the Thorpe maps was that they were the first concrete evidence for plate tectonics and she is often credited in geology with providing the last piece of the puzzle that pushed the theory of plate tectonics from fringe idea to mainstream scientific theory.
  • @myouounoanjii
    That Marie Tharp map of the ocean floor was straight up incredible. The amount of dedication and skill to finish them is fantastic. I can see how Johnny loved going to the library to look at 'em 😅
  • @LVRM98
    Amazing to see how Marie Tharp could make those high quality maps with the limited data she had. I find it really interesting to see how a combination of old and new tech helps us to make an even more accurate map of this mysterious underwater world!
  • @BagerGman
    I started working at a large private seabed/subsea bed mapping company that did surveys around the world for oil companies at 17 back in 2007 through a friend of my grandma. They wanted a tech legit ‘go for’ and liked my honesty and ability. Anyway, I was immediately trained on how to map seabeds, not hard, and start learning sub seabed imaging, also not hard. The problem with mapping large areas of the seabed is it takes a while for the boats to move out, and the expense.  At the company we worked with both a 2d and 3d approach. The singular lines and guessing where and how the undersea ranges are, as shown in the old depth map with Johnny, are the 2d surveys we did. 3d surveys to mor accurately show the sea floor, and what is below, cost more and take way more time for the ships to complete. Disclaimer: I stopped working at that company in December 2015, so my knowledge on the cost of surveys and new tech may be out of date.
  • Retired ocean lifeguard here, I love the part about the surface giving away the bottom contour. It’s exactly what’s happening in the shoreline. Slightly deeper water breeds rip currents. The water’s shape and color tell a story all day long about the shape of the bathymetry under! A crew that rowed across the pacific from LA to Hilo followed deep trenches leading away from California helped by those currents. It’s amazing.
  • @thejuiceweasel
    As a kid, I've heard that when you say "detailed map" five times into a mirror, Johnny Harris appears behind you.
  • @waikaalulu9941
    I live Hilo Hawaii. What you’ve said is true. My house is oceanfront I see the ocean move at all times. The ocean ridge that extends off the island creates a very strange and interesting ocean condition that’s fascinating. We live off of the oceans resources. So knowing how it works is very important to us. Youve done a great job. I love the show.
  • @RonSonntag
    Great video! Just for a stat, I created the first generally accessible and affordable high-resolution mapping program using the World Database II way back in 1978. It was called AMP - A Mapping Program. And, while the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) had a program that used the World Database II to create maps, it was very expensive to use. I compressed the entire WDBII onto one Cyber 750 "Disk Pack" at 5 levels of resolution. Using just 5 lines of Fortran code, any student, researcher, scientist could create a map of any part of the world at up to 1 point every 300m resolution WITH their data presented in a variety of methods and usually at a cost of less than $5 (NCAR program to produce the same thing typically cost in the $50s to $100s of dollars in compute time). The program was used at the University of Washington for maybe 5 to 7 years by many departments and hundreds of users. Little did I know that I was at the very beginning of what eventually evolved into Google Maps!
  • @MrBeetsGaming
    I am absolutely terrified of the oceans or really any large body of water, even being in a city near one makes me feel uneasy.... The idea of being in the water and having miles of it underneath me is especially terrifying.
  • @markoshayes6613
    My dad is an oceanographer, and he uses gliders to capture data about the ocean floor, current, temperature etc. Very interesting video!
  • @gordonmills2748
    When I was a young man, my father (an avid fisherman who died in 1987) always had the latest technology available at the time. A "depth finder" and a "fish finder" and a Loran for navigation. It was primitive by today's standards, and I wish he were around to see how the technology has advanced.
  • @ropro9817
    Love that Cleo's videos seem to be trending longer. I would absolutely watch a 30-60 min Cleo Abram video from end to end. Or listen to a 1-3 hour podcast, for that matter! 🤠
  • @controlfreak1963
    We (the US) actually have extremely good maps of the oceans, we just don't openly publish them for reasons that include national security. The best maps that we do have were not built by public agencies. In the private sector, companies like Exxon have amazing maps of the sea floor in areas that interest them. They do not share these with others.
  • @ron.v
    "We can't be afraid of knowledge for fear of what we'll do with it." Wow! What a statement. I've always loved this. Once, I worked for a group of computer system administrators, some of whom knew much less about the operating system (AT&T UNIX) than we specialists did. For many of them, their attitude was "Don't type that command! You never know what might happen." I couldn't help but laugh because the one who actually said that had no idea of asset permissions. He didn't which level of permissions was dangerous and which was harmless, a perfect example of fear from lack of knowledge. I told my him, "We're safer when we understand why certain things are dangerous." I've always believed that it's smart to learn as much as we can before attempting the unknown so we'll be prepared. If we fail to prepare, we prepare to fail.