The Perplexing Prehistory of the Sahara
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Published 2023-03-04
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Sources:
D’Atanasio, E., Trombetta, B., Bonito, M. et al. The peopling of the last Green Sahara revealed by high-coverage resequencing of trans-Saharan patrilineages. Genome Biol19, 20 (2018). doi.org/10.1186/s13059-018-1393-5
Dommain, René; Riedl, Simon; Olaka, Lydia A.; deMenocal, Peter; Deino, Alan L.; Owen, R. Bernhart; Muiruri, Veronica; Müller, Johannes; Potts, Richard; Strecker, Manfred R. (12 July 2022). "Holocene bidirectional river system along the Kenya Rift and its influence on East African faunal exchange and diversity gradients". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (28): e2121388119. doi:10.1073/pnas.2121388119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9282390. PMID 35759654. S2CID 250090985.
"New insights into the termination of the African Humid Period (5.5 ka BP) in central Ethiopia from detailed analysis of a diatom record" (PDF). Journal of Paleolimnology. 61 (1): 99–110. Bibcode:2019JPall..61...99R. doi:10.1007/s10933-018-0047-7. ISSN 1573-0417. S2CID 134871122.
McGee, David; deMenocal, Peter B. (20 November 2017). "Climatic Changes and Cultural Responses During the African Humid Period Recorded in Multi-Proxy Data". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science.
Coulson, David; Campbell, Alec. "Rock Art of the Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria" (PDF). AfricanRockArt.org.
Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011.
Soukopova, Jitka (Jan 16, 2013). Round Heads: The Earliest Rock Paintings in the Sahara. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 38. ISBN 9781443845793.
Rowland, Joanne M. (2021). Revolutions The Neolithisation of the Mediterranean Basin: The Transition to Food Producing Economics in North Africa, Southern Europe and the Levant. Giulio Lucarini, Geoffrey J. Tassie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Excellence Cluster Topoi (1. Auflage ed.). Berlin. ISBN 978-3-9819685-6-9. OCLC 1265037731.
Duque-Villegas, Mateo; Claussen, Martin; Brovkin, Victor; Kleinen, Thomas (22 August 2022). "Effects of orbital forcing, greenhouse gases and ice sheets on Saharan greening in past and future multi-millennia". Climate of the Past. 18 (8): 1897–1914. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1897-2022. ISSN 1814-9324. S2CID 251465373.
Soriano, S.; Tribolo, Ch; Maggetti, M.; Ozainne, S.; Ballouche, A.; Fahmy, A.; Neumann, K.; Lespez, L.; Rasse, M.; Huysecom, E. (2009). "The emergence of pottery in Africa during the tenth millennium cal BC: new evidence from Ounjougou (Mali)". Antiquity. 83 (322): 905–917.
Stivers, Jeffrey P.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Moots, Hannah M.; Cocca, Enzo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Giraudi, Carlo; Kaye, Thomas G.; Stafford, Thomas W. Jr.; Mercuri, Anna Maria (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.
di Lernia, S. (2022). Saharan Hunter-Gatherers: Specialization and Diversification in Holocene Southwestern Libya (1st ed.). Routledge. doi.org/10.4324/9781003083580
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All Comments (21)
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What would you guys like to learn next?
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I live in algeria and now I'm in a city called tindouf and its in the Sahara.. This region is not well studied
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No worries about video output. You're investing in your academic development right now, and that in turn means enhanced content for us later! This is a fascinating video and I'm glad you brought up acceptance of *Natural* climate change at the end. The lessons we should be learning now is not to mess with the planet on such a level. Deserts are as important as lush forest in terms of diversity. Enjoy your time in Italy and happy studies!
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Loved this one. Nice work!
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imagine all the great wooden monuments we will never know about ???
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This is not only beautiful but soothing, your videos are the best when you’re walking or in the bus or whenever, it’s basically a high quality audiobook Keep up North!
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Prehistoric art is probably my favorite thing, loved seeing so much of it!
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I love the ancient rock art that leaves us a flavour of the times.
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When people try to say Ancient Egyptian civilization seemed to spring from nowhere, I try to communicate to them this completely ignores what we know about prehistory. It makes perfect sense they would congregate along the Nile after the inland lakes dried up. There is no doubt they learned some amazing strategies for survival while the Sahara was turning to desert.
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The Circular Tools you show at 8:39 are quite well known to North American Anthropologists and Archaeologists - they are Hide Scrapers, used to remove the flesh and fat from animal hides without damaging the hides, prior to tanning.
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If you regreen the Sahara, you cut off the nitrate flow through the trade winds which precipitates out in the daily rainfall in the Amazon basin. So if you look back in time in the Amazon basin you find contemporary environmental retreat and civilisational spread at times when the Sahara is greener.
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Thanks for still putting time into these videos. They are always welcome even if we have to wait :)
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Huge fan of your content. I’m genuinely appreciative you take the time and put in so much effort.
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The editing and the video quality is really good in this video. Great job!
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Thank you so much for doing a video on the green Sahara. It is one of the portions of the Neolithic transition that is nearly completely lost to us. It is impossible to figure out where the Niger-Congo, Bantu, Guanches and Fulani civilizations trace back to without knowing what their interactions with the Saharan people were. I really hope we start getting clues like ancient DNA and archeological sites connected to cultures that still or exist or that we at least know more about.
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Thank you for another great video! And don’t worry about the frequency of the output. We are grateful for whatever you can do and indeed provide us. And that your videos are a much watched event in our household whenever they are released. I sometimes have to pause the video and look up the scientific terms you use (I studied economics and so I’m almost illiterate by scientific jargon standards LOL), but thank you nonetheless. Compelling!
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Greatings from Sweden. I'm currentlly writing an appointment on human evolution and your ancient human series has been a great help. Love your videos, keep doing you.
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Hey man, I just wanna say your style is great. It's very listenable - I can follow along with what you're saying while you drive, and the soft-spoken, slow paced speech is very relaxing. Your new mic is great (compared to earlier videos) and I'd recommend you keep using it. Keep it up man, I'm excited to see more!
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Not only do I love it, as it contains of priceless knowledge. Your voice really calms me down, every time I watch new episode, I find it hugely relaxing, thank you! 👍👏👌
